Fountains in parks and gardens, in each of their various forms, are somehow effective in balancing the air temperature, providing relative humidity for the plants, and creating freshness. The combination of these factors reduces the uniformity and dryness of the environment.
Humans are always attracted to water. Water is always a sign of purity, enlightenment and calming of the human soul and psyche.
In the past, the fountain was used only in gardens, palaces and city squares, but today, with the construction of fountains with different sizes and dimensions, this beautiful element of landscape architecture has found its way into houses and apartments.
Today, water can be seen inside the lobbies of apartments, restaurants, hotels, offices and even indoors, which has given a special effect to the beauty of these places.
Fountains have different types, shapes and sizes that are designed according to the installation location and type of use. When it comes to water features, the first thing that comes to mind are fountains because they are the oldest and most widely used type of waterfall.
Another type of waterfall is a waterfall and bar atmosphere, this type of waterfall has a special attraction for people because it evokes nature for them. There are other types of modern fountains that send water as a wall from top to bottom, which is widely used today.
What are the principles of waterfall design?
Do not be under the tree: Insects and bird drop pings and in general the particles that fall from the tree cause contamination of the fountain and clog the filters and the bottlenecks of the pumps.
It should not be in the direction of strong winds. Strong winds disrupt the pattern of the waterfall and cause water to fall out of the edges of the main pool. For this reason, the height of the water column should not be more than the distance from the nearest edge of the main pool to the fountain.
Water storage depth: In order to reduce consumption, the water depth should remain at an acceptable level as much as possible.
Protection by iron grids: Pits and cavities made to install waterfall equipment on the bottom of the pond should be covered and protected by iron grids.
Water drain and overflow: In order to easily drain water and clean the water, a water drain and overflow system must be installed.
Fresh water supply: The façade must have a fixed piping to supply the required fresh water and an automatic balancing system to permanently adjust the water level and a protection system to prevent the pump from drying out in the absence of water in the fountain, especially in public places. .
security of power cables: Power cables inside the pool should be placed in special ducts, which is very important in public places.
Choosing the right water pump: Fountain pumps should be select ed according to the maximum power consumption required and taking into account the location of their installation.
Choosing the right electric switches: Electric switches should be select ed in proportion to the power of the pumps and lighting circuits and should be equipped with a protection and safety system for working in a water environment.
Waterfall protection in winter: In the design and planning stage of the waterfall, the necessary predictions should be made to prevent water freezing in winter. In addition to all these projections, in order to prevent the pumps from freezing, they can be removed from their installation site in winter to be protected from possible damages.
You should also know this point, because water flows in a closed circuit in water features, water loss is very low and they can be used easily and without fear of wasting water.
Fountains in waterfall design
Fountains themselves have different types such as jumping, falling and throwing, which mainly make these fountains more attractive and spectacular by lighting. In windy areas, choosing the appropriate openings for the fountains may be due to the effects of wind. Reduce the wind. The two main types of openings are:
Overhead: They are like inverted funnels and cause water to come out with more pressure and speed and produce a long, narrow groove.
They come in a variety of shapes and can produce water in a variety of forms, such as plates of water, short domes, and hand-held fans, which are generally more resistant to wind.
Multiple openings are used in groups to spray water into large fountains. For smaller fountains, a shower-like opening may suffice.